Logo of Aether Wave Theory

The circular infinity picture in the header is the "official" logo of AWT. It's illustrating the infinitely recursive fractal structure, formed by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, which can be interpreted as a manifestation of dual nature of AWT, the particle-wave duality in particular (energy-matter, boson-fermion, male-female, even-odd, "ying-yang" principle) and the mechanism of space-time formation by nested condensation of waves into matter particles and vice-versa. The CFD simulation bellow illustrates this interesting phenomenon in action.

Tha resulting chain of vortices is sometimes called the Von Kármán street. Albeit the turbulence is generally connected with energy dissipation, the formation of vortex lattice decreases the friction in the surface layer instead, thus making the environment a bit superfluous by the same way, like the formation of quantized vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates. Therefore the AWT logo illustrates the superfluous nature of vacuum, too. Note the possible "extraterresterial origin" of graphics, created on July 27, 2001 in Rybury/Tann Hill, England...;-)

Aether and the definition of time

By AWT everything, what we can observe from reality are just a "changes", i.e. the Aether density gradients ("gradient driven" reality). This follows from analogy of particle gas or fluid, where only density gradients/fluctuation can be observed directly. This is because every density gradient is behaving like place, where particles of environment are moving in circles like particles bouncing at the undulating water surface. It "undulates at place" in compactified (hidden) dimensions, thus making "permanent changes", so it can be perceived as a atemporal, persistent entity/piece of reality. We can see, the phase transition is nothing else, then the compactification of underlying space-time. Note that the space dimension compactified becomes a time dimension in the space-time, which is formed by compactification of previous generation of "hyperspace" ("false vacuum"). This corresponds the relativistic perspective of the matter wave motion through space-time along geodesics, thus fulfilling Fermat's theorem. Note that the Fermat's theorem is consequence of Huyghens principle, which is the special case of principle of least action, which leads to the description of matter motion along geodesics as a Hamiltonian flow. By such way, the AWT explains clearly, what the time is and how it is related to the spatial dimensions. Ironically, it was Heidegger in his anti-philosophical work (Being and Time), who concretised time as the essence of "existence", whereas Einstein's relativistic stance might imply time's abstract nature.

In AWT the existence of space-time follows from asymmetry between spatial and time dimensions, which was created during Universe inflation. We can expect, from sufficiently distant perspective this asymmetry will be replaced by another one, because Universe is arranged randomly. By AWT the time is asymmetric, because it’s formed by density gradient of Aether. In analogy to local space-time with water surface, the space dimensions are the directions parallel with water surface, while the time is the direction normal (perpendicular) to this surface gradient - as such it’s always oriented from past to future (it exhibit's an "arrow").

The above animation illustrates, how the same phase transition occurs in more dimensions. We can see, the space-time formation is nothing else, then the condensation of matter into density gradients, forming this space-time. Note that the life on particularly stable/atemporal space-time (mem)brane implies the existence of pair conjugated time dimensions (1, 2, 3, 4), because the membranes of foam are consisting of pairs of surface gradients. The existence of more time dimensions can be derived by many ways. The backward time arrow is connected with negative (i.e. repulsing) gravity action and negative rest mass, for example. The particle of antimatter are living in backward time arrow partially: they're dissolve into radiation, while the particles of normal matter are condensing by their gravity. The existence of multiple time dimensions is related to the longitudinal energy spreading at higher of lower energy density. We can met with its analogy at the water surface, where the very small or large waves are of pronounced longitudinal character due the dispersion (compare the celerity/wavelength dependence for surface water waves).

The uncertainty of quantum mechanics follows from pronounced longitudinal wave spreading of energy between fluctuations of vacuum and it's manifestation of many time arrows of space-time convoluted at Planck scale (compare the Feynman's many path integral formalism). The vacuum foam tends to be formed by spherical bubbles after introducing of energy or near gravitating objects . The separation of surfaces forming the Aether foam (mem)branes and the path splitting of chiral bosons (light cones) at GUT energy scales (10+14 GeV) manifest itself like so called Faraday/Kerr and birefringence effect in vacuum. At high values of electrostatic or magnetic field near magnetars or inside of strong gravitational field of rotating black holes such birefringence leads to the formation of multiple event horizons / space-time branes.

In my understanding, inside our generation of observable Universe a two reciprocal time dimensions are dominant, related by 1:10{+500} duality at 1.27 cm scale. In AWT object is moving in time dimension, when it expands (to past) or collapses (to past) above 1.27 cm scale. For objects smaller then 1.27 cm the direction of both time arrow becomes reversed. For example diffusion, evaporation and/or condensation is a travel accros time dimension(s), as it requires transfer of energy (usually in form of inertial acelleration) without general change of spatial location.

Albert Einstein: "The only reason for time is so that everything doesn't happen at once."

E8 Lie group and Aether theory

Mr. Garett’s E8 group model can be understood on background of Aether particle theory easily. This is because Lie E8 group is not just some void geometrical structure. It’s root vector system is describing the tightest structure of kissing scale invariant hyperspheres ("unparticles"), where the kissing points of spheres are sitting at the centers of another hyperspheres, recursively. The Aether Wave Theory proposes at least two dual ways, how to interpret such structure:

The cosmological one is maybe easier to realize: it considers, the current Universe generation is formed by interior of giant dense collapsar, which is behaving like black hole from outer perspective. This collapse was followed by phase transition, which proceeded like crystallization from over-saturated solution by avalanche-like mechanism. During this, the approximately spherical zones of condensing false vacuum have intersect mutually, and from these places the another vacuum condensation has started (a sort of nucleation effect). We can observe the residuum of these zones as a dark matter streaks. The dodecahedron structure of these zones should corresponds the E8 group geometry, as being observed from inside (i.e. from past perspective due the Universe "expansion").

The second interpretation of E8 is relevant for Planck scale, i.e. for outer perspective (the future). The dense interior of black hole is forming the physical vacuum, which is filled by spongy system of density fluctuations, similar to nested foam. Such structure has even a behavior of soap foam, because it gets more dense after introducing of energy by the same way, like soap foam shaken inside of closed vessel. Such behavior leads to the quantum behavior of vacuum and particle-wave duality. Every energy wave, exchanged between pair of particles (i.e. density fluctuations of foam) is behaving like less or more dense blob of foam, i.e. like gauge boson particle. Every boson can exchange its energy with another particles, including other gauge bosons, thus forming the another generation of intercalated particles.

Therefore the E8 Lie group solves the trivial question: "Which structure should have the tightest lattice of particles, exchanged/formed by another particles?". And such question has perfect meaning even from classical physics point of view! Such question has a perfect meaning in theory, describing the most dense structure of inertial particles, which we can ever imagine, i.e. the interior of black hole. AWT inteprets a rotation of Lie group in general reference frame, which leads to another particle generation as a Penrose-Terrell effect, formalized in Wick rotation approach.

Correspondence of AWT and other theories

The Aether concept as a "zero dimensional particle theory" is quite fundamental TOE and it cannot be omitted from physics due the Occam's razor and Anderson's "More is different" principle. It serves as a conceptual Newtonian mechanics based glue between relativity theory and quantum mechanics both on cosmic energy/distance scale, both on Planck scale. But the Aether multi-particle concept goes even deeper - it can help us to redefine the whole observable reality on the background of probability calculus. It's not still the ultimate approach, as it cannot explain, which the Aether is composed from and why reality exists. But if we consider, the reality exists and its composed of infinitely many pieces/units, it enables us to predict the appearance of this reality on the background of scale invariant fluctuations of such system.

The Aether Wave Theory is closely related to Constructal theory, Process Physics, Unparticle Physics and Emergence Theory - it can serve as the conceptual base of all these theories. The concept of Aether foam covers the quantum foam or spin network of LQG theory, the protosimplex lattice of Heim theory or the recent string net liquid concept. And the non-linear properties of Aether foam can reconcile the dual aspects of general relativity and quantum mechanics and quantum field theories (the free fermion models of string field theories in particular). As a particle theory the AWT is closely related to Garett's E8 group theory, because the Lie E8 group describes the tightest structure of hypersphere particles, exchanged by another particles, recursively.

If all these theories are relevant each other - as the correspondence principle requires - here must exist some common connecting point/concept and we are forced to find it, because it's unacceptable to have so many theories, which are incompatible each other. Therefore the AWT isn't limited to realm of physics, as it describes the general connections/interactions inside of all multicomponent systems, including the biology and sociology and theories of information spreading.

Mass of photon

By AWT the problem of rest mass of photon must be separated from luminal speed of light wave, as expected by special relativity. Light wave isn't photon and special relativity doesn't care about photon existence at all - it just considers fully harmonic light wave, which is atemporal and of unlimited range by its very nature. Another correction - just negative one - brings the presence of cosmic microwave background (CMB). Due the random character of vacuum at presence of CMB photons, real empty spacetime isn't completelly flat, so that every light wave can be considered a dynamic mixture of photons and tachyons of negative rest mass. As a whole, this mixture has a zero rest mass just at the CMB scale, which is indeed not the case of photons itself. Therefore special relativity can still have its portion of truth - but real photons would undergo a subtle dispersion in CMB field, which decreases their speed a bit, because no isolated object can remain in complete rest with respect to this field.



By AWT every artifact with positive curvature should have a positive (i.e. nonezero) rest mass and the photon - being an isolated particle - is no exception. The particle like character of photons can be observed easily during spreading of gamma rays in spark chamber or by scintillator in spinthariscope, where they're behaving like distinst well defined particles ("scintilla" means "spark" in Greek). Therefore it's nothing strange, if photon increases mass of resonator, whenever it gets trapped into it - as we can observe by mass spectrometer during excitation of atom nuclei, for example.

The theoretical rest mass of photon can be extrapolated as a dynamic mass of photon, when the (wavelength of) photon becomes so large, it will fit the whole observable Universe, so that the photon cannot move and it stay at rest in it. This value is incredibly low, though and it can be estimated by using of E=hν formula to some 10E-61 kg. Albeit low, it can result into observable violation of Compton law at Planck scale (pair formation) and into light speed invariance violation at cosmic scale (for example by polarization of microwaves by vacuum and by dispersion of gamma rays, as observed by GZK limit or by MAGIC telescope during Mkn 501 flash).

The effective rest mass of photon could become even higher (~10E-17 kg), if we consider, the photons, whose wavelength is longer then human scale would dissapear in the noise of cosmic microwave backround (CMB) radiation, where only entangled light waves can spread effectivelly. In adition, photons of wavelength larger the human / CMB scale (~1.7 cm) are behaving rather like weak holes in the ocean of CMB photons, so they should be expelled by them in gravity field, instead.

The general problem in misunderstanding of special relativity consist in mixing of light and photon concepts. Light wave can be local, but the photon isn't never quite local thing, it has a finite (albeit typically quite small) size. It means, only light wave can move by speed of light, but not photon. For wavelength comparable to CMB radiation the light can consist only from waves, but not photons, because these size of photons are comparable to CMB noise size, so they cannot be distinguished from it. For longer wavelengths, then those of CMB the negative rest mass photons can be postulated, and the speed of such "negative curvature" photons becomes superluminal - the character of such waves will converge to longitudinal gravitational waves, which are inherently superluminal. The superluminal portion of microwave light enables to escape it from black hole as a Hawking radiation for example, which makes the whole concept testable.

"All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the answer to the question, 'What are light quanta?' Nowadays every Tom, Dick and Harry thinks he knows it,
but he is mistaken." (Albert Einstein, 1954)

History of Aether Wave Theory

Modern Aether concept has begun by Rene Descartes, who proposed in 1644, that no empty space can exist and that space must consequently be filled with matter. The parts of this matter tend to move in straight paths, but because they lie close together, they can't move freely, which according to Descartes implies that every motion is circular, so the aether is filled with vortices. These ideas were extended later by more specific vortex model of Christian Huygens (1669 -1690) and by Newton's Aether flux model and gravity theory in particular (Principia ~1686, Opticks).
Modern textbooks often claims, Newton believed that space and time were absolute and inviolable - but Newton was a strong proponent of wave/particle duality and he published a variable-density Aether model, in which light and matter trajectories were either bent or deflected by an Aether density gradient. This can be compared to Einstein’s "refractive approach" to gravitational light-bending (1911), which was abandoned by Einstein himself on behalf of formal space-time curvature based description of gravity. Madame Blavatsky, in 1888, predicted that the ether would soon be rejected. She was right. It was rejected officially by wast majority of scientists in 1905, when Albert Einstein first dispensed with it. Einstein half-rejected the aether, he did not reject it in the sense of action by contact or instantaneity.
These trivial and quite natural models were never refuted in fact! Modern physicists never realized, Aether environment cannot be observed by its waves like every else environment - so they misinterpreted negative result of Michelson-Morley experiment (and many others) by the same way, like virtually every other aspects of Aether hypothesis toward less complete and intuitive space-time concept. Particle model doesn't explain, what the space-time really is, but it explains fractal foam nature of space-time curvature and the gradient driven symmetry of space and time . At Einstein time, scientists were not aware of another subtleties (Lens-Thirring effects, connection of QM and Lorentz symmetry violation, etc.), which are forming the motivation of AWT by now.
Believe it or not, neither AWT is completely new. It seems, the original author of dense Aether concept was Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, who published in Harper's Magazine in 1904 his "Electric Theory of Matter", which is basically the electromagnetic theory of Aether. The dense Aether concept was mentioned even in some textbooks after then (1908).




The fundamental mistake of another well known Aether proponent T.J.J.See was, he didn't understood the dense Aether concept like others, albeit Lodge has explained it to him explicitly. From the above discussion it's evident, the conceptual father of AWT was rather Oliver Lodge, not T.J.J.See, albeit the later had published a lotta articles about Aether (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) later. But his Aether Wave Theory has only few common points with Lodge's concept, for example the assumption, all forces are mediated by Aether waves.
From AWT follows, era of formal and nonformal approach alternates in science in less or more apparent waves, the density of which increases, because of increasing information density. Intuitive plenum concept of ancient Greeks was replaced by abstract Newtonian concept of absolute space and time. With better understanding of wave nature of light at the beginning of 19th century Aether theory was revived, but it was replaced by formal combination of relativity and quantum mechanics in 20th century. Now we are facing Aether concept again, because contemporary system of formal dualities has reached its limits in many aspects, the complexity in particular.

How the AWT affects expert's thinking in "quiet"..

Before two years a former Harvard professor Lubos Motl well known in biosphere was firmly convinced proponent of anti-aether lobby - but now he's promoting an Aether concept openly, albeit he's working in physics for years and he censored it in his blog comments obstinately.




This example just demonstrates clearly, how scrambled many people (even those most formally "qualified" ones..) can be concerning the trivial Aether concept. From AWT follows, the character of new ideas spreading corresponds a common phase transition inside of multiparticle system as a result of symmetry breaking, for example the character of boiling near water surface.



At the very beginning the new ideas are propagating like tiny isolated islands through society. Most of ideas will not survive negativistic stance of surrounding environment and they will collapse again like bubbles near boiling surface. Their proponents don't understand their common points, so they're repelled by surface tension mutually like tiny bubbles and they're even fighting mutually due energy competetion. Gradually, the number of people understanding new ideas increases and the mainstream community is starting to integrate/steal them into system of existing theories (for example, string and quantum foam, fractal or gradient reality, emergence or unparticle concept of Aether theory adopted by mainstream theories as an example).

At certain moment, an inverse population is reached and the intersubjective thinking will suddenly switch into new conceptual paradigm from distant outer perspective, so such transition appears sharp like surface of black hole event horizon. However, from internal observer perspective such transition often appears seamlessly continuous, because their proponents didn't realize change of intersubjective thinking, being isolated from reality in their ivory towers like tiny isolated black holes or elementary particles due their strong surface gradient of information density (compare the "fuzzball" concept of event horizon). These proponents of old paradigm will become isolated in their stance gradually, so they play a role of rare antiparticles persisting in diaspora inside of new conceptual continuum. And whole evolution can repeat again.

We can observe many other analogies to material world here. For example, active proponents of ideas are often attracted by super-symmetrical particles, which are playing role of opposition by the same way, like antiparticle clouds of dark matter occurs at the presence of massive objects as a result of strong gradient of gravity field. The short-seeing proponents of ideas are often behaving like black holes due total reflection, so they lose ability to exchange their ideas with the rest of society at all. We are saying, such person anticipate their time in relation to omni-directional space-time expansion.



As the result, behavior of biological systems or society and propagation of enthropy density and memes can learn us a lot about energy and matter spreading through Aether - and vice-versa.

And that's the memo. ;-)